Lavender Chemistry

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS of LAVENDER
Some 300 molecules were discovered in true lavender's essential oil, that are responsible for its fine, complex yet clear aroma - most of which are trace elements. The major constituents are (the ones in bold are the most dominant/famous ones):
Linool
Linalyl acetate (up to 40%)Â
Lavandulol *
Lavandulyl acetate *
Cineole
Coumarin
Camphor
1-octen-3-yl acetate
Tricyclene Â
alpha-Pinene Â
alpha-Thujene Â
Camphene Â
beta-Pinene Â
Sabinene Â
gamma-Terpinene Â
Myrcene Â
alpha-Terpinene Â
5-Methyl-3-heptanone Â
Limonene Â
Eucalyptol Â
delta-3-Carene Â
(E)-beta-Ocimene Â
Octan-3-one Â
para-Cymene Â
Terpinolene Â
Hexyl-isobutyrate Â
Neo-allo-ocimene Â
3-Acetoxy-octene Â
Hexyl-butyrate Â
cis-Linalool oxide Â
Vinyl amyl carbinol Â
trans-Linalool oxide Â
Camphor
Dihydrolinalool Â
(E)-Caryophyllene Â
Terpinen-4-ol Â
(E)-beta-Farnesene Â
alpha-Terpineol Â
Borneol Â
Neryl acetate Â
Geranyl acetate Â
Nerol Â
Geraniol Â
Caryophyllene oxide Â
alpha-Humulene Â
Hexyl acetate Â
alpha-Santalene
As we can see, it mostly contains terpenes, terpene alcohols and esters, and a few alcohols. According to Jeanne Rose "esters are soothing, calming, and fungicidal"; and linalool is an "antibacterial, believes discomfort, diuretic, tones without irritating, stimulates the immune system, sedating"; the latter actions similarly described as initiated by the terpene alcohols as well as toning (The Aromatherapy Book, pp. 158-160).
* Both lavandulol and lavandulyl acetate are insect pheromones, which might explain the abundance of bees observed around lavender shrubs.

